tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-35024677158528609802023-11-16T03:38:09.431-08:00Portray John JayPhil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-67532568456295249972019-09-22T18:58:00.001-07:002019-09-22T18:58:23.551-07:00John Jay at Naval Academy for Constitution DayOn September 17, 2019 the Naval Academy allowed John Jay to help the Midshipmen celebrate Constitution Day. Commander David Richardson invited me and helped showing me around as did Ensign Francis Kim who took all these super photos. Mr. Jay as a Federalist spoke to the Midshipmen about the need for having a United States Navy instead of every state having its own navy. We took a vote and they voted overwhelmingly to get rid of the Articles of Confederation and adopt the Constitution. Very humbling to be with the leaders of the Navy and Marines. Enjoyed it immensely! <br />
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John Jay addressing Midshipmen for Constitution Day<br />
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John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster with Billy Lee Reenactor Will Ridgely of Colonial Tours of Annapolis<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-3964844726452063012019-07-24T17:25:00.002-07:002019-07-24T17:25:54.027-07:00John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster at Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City on July Fourth 2019John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster at Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City<br />
on July Fourth 2019<br />
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As part of the quest to make John Jay known to New York City, New York State, the United States and the World, Phil Webster performed at Federal Hall on the Fourth of July, 2019. My talk focused on what happened in New York City on July 4, 1776. Philadelphia gets all the attention. Why didn't John Jay sign the Declaration of Independence? In a letter to Edward Rutledge on October 11, 1776 he gives the following reason why he has not left New York.<br />
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"Although extremely anxious to be with you, the circumstances of this State will not admit of my leaving it. Governor Tryon has been very mischievous: and we find our hands full in counteracting and suppressing the conspiracies formed by him and his adherents." British Royal Governor William Tryon had to rule the state of New York from a ship off Battery Park. He did not want a Whig/Patriot government taking over his territory. This was much like Governor Dunmore in Virginia who had to rule from a ship down there as well. Tryon's mischief included paying people to take part in the plot to kidnap and kill General Washington. Jay as Chairman of the Committee to Detect Conspiracies questioned many people and determined that Thomas Hickey (one of Washington's Inner Guards) was a part of the plot. A crowd of 20,000 witnessed the public hanging of Thomas Hickey on June 28. The next day June 29, 1776 the British fleet arrived in the New York City area.<br />
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If you would ever be interested in having a John Jay presentation, please let me know at PhilWebster1776@outlook.com<br />
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In posts coming later, check out how John Jay helped build Trinity Church, the mischievous acts of Royal Governor William Tryon, the friendship of Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton's faith silences critics of Washington and others.Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-82879558570700897802018-10-08T16:35:00.000-07:002018-10-08T16:35:23.867-07:00John Jay reenactor Phil Webster with John Rollison reenactor James Cameron at Williamsburg Barnes & NobleJohn Jay reenactor Phil Webster with John Rollison reenactor James Cameron at Williamsburg Barnes & Noble<br />
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On Saturday October 6, John Rollison Reenactor James Cameron stopped by and conversed and encouraged John Jay reenactor Phil Webster at the New Town Williamsburg Virginia Barnes and Noble. James also has a history network entitled OHP Media which stands for Our Historical Past. We might do some work together in the future.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDSJbjL32MIGTfcxRjatphRvlli87GAIMmi_PCG0BJsR25A1fYy31fNWpPuMph4dVNDNHY5b8VSjetI4CqUUgA8kv2-pZdqX-uN_yFNWVmi4suGOmRRbggkYspXSTJhQ8P2MPEnjOJM54/s1600/James+Cameron+John+Rollison+with+John+Jay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDSJbjL32MIGTfcxRjatphRvlli87GAIMmi_PCG0BJsR25A1fYy31fNWpPuMph4dVNDNHY5b8VSjetI4CqUUgA8kv2-pZdqX-uN_yFNWVmi4suGOmRRbggkYspXSTJhQ8P2MPEnjOJM54/s400/James+Cameron+John+Rollison+with+John+Jay.jpg" width="329" height="400" data-original-width="1315" data-original-height="1600" /></a></div>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-83131663143200735092018-07-22T15:49:00.000-07:002018-07-22T16:10:59.479-07:00And There Arose a Generation That Knew Not John Jay Nor the Works of GodAnd There Arose a Generation That Knew Not John Jay Nor the Works of the LORD<br />
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“Now there arose a new king, who knew nothing of Joseph, came to power in Egypt.” (Exodus 1:8)<br />
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“After that whole generation had been gathered to their ancestors, another generation grew up who knew neither the LORD nor what he had done for Israel.” (Judges 2:10)<br />
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"A proper history of the United States...would develop the great plan of Providence, for causing this extensive part of our world to be discovered, and these uttermost parts of the earth to be gradually filled with civilized and Christian people and nations...In my opinion, the historian, in the course of the work, is never to lose sight of that great plan." John Jay to Rev. Dr. Jedediah Morse, August 16, 1809 <br />
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It is difficult for a work of God to continue through multiple generations. One can check out churches that were once vibrant for the work of Jesus Christ but over time the enthusiasm diminished or simply stopped. Leaders have come and gone from our country. We are not the nation of Israel or Judah. However, God has had His hand providentially over our nation. Other nations will admit that there has been something different about our nation’s history. Many of our Founding Fathers like Samuel Adams called our nation the Second Israel.<br />
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Dear reader, please look at the drawing by Trumbull of the signers of the Declaration of Independence and also the drawing of the signers of the Constitution by Howard Chandler Christy. Study the faces and names. Fifty four of the fifty six signers of the Declaration of Independence had a Christian worldview. Thirty six of the thirty nine signers of the Constitution had a Christian worldview. Those numbers are based on reading the 25 volumes of Letters of the Delegates to Congress 1774 to 1789 and 34 volumes of Journals of Continental Congress as well as other primary sources and biographies. The particulars can be found in two books: 1776 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence and 1787 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Constitution. As you look at those Founders, the overwhelming majority had a Christian worldview. Yet all we hear from public schools and universities since the 1960s is “all the Founders were Deists and Atheists and there is no place for God in the public arena.”<br />
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Worldview of Founding Fathers<br />
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Signers of Declaration of Independence <br />
Atheistic or Deistic Worldview: 2 Christian Worldview 54 Total 56<br />
Signers of Constitution<br />
Atheistic or Deistic Worldview: 3 Christian Worldview 36 Total 39<br />
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Atheistic or Deistic Worldview: 5 Christian Worldview 90<br />
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Look at those pictures again. Since the 1960s we have focused on Jefferson and Franklin. Do you see anyone in those pictures besides Jefferson and Franklin? Out of the 95 signers of both documents, at least 90 had a Christian worldview. What do you think of a sports score of 90 to 5? It is called a laugher or a slaughter or a rout. How is it that the small score wins since the 1960s?<br />
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Since the 1960s our nation has been slavish to Jefferson (actually since 1800). There are more people in the room than Jefferson. He was not even at the Constitutional Convention.<br />
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Check out II Kings 22 in a Bible. Verse ten talks about how King Josiah has the Temple in Jerusalem cleaned and restored when he was young. It is shocking to hear that the Book of the Law had been lost for years. How does such a thing happen? If there is a God and He has given His word to a certain people it behooves them to keep great care of it. There is a God and the people who came before Josiah did not keep great care of it. That nation had been careless with their relationship with God. Just as that generation lost the Book of the Law, we have lost the Christian heritage of our country. People like myself who read these primary sources are called idiots, fools, incompetent and other such names. We are told to just read the experts since the 1960s. They of course have their PhDs and they got those degrees from guardians of secularism. <br />
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Let us turn our attention to the neglected John Jay. He was not at the signing of either the Declaration of Independence or the Constitution. Why is that? Where was John Jay? He was in New York City. Jay was the Chairman of the Committee to Detect Conspiracies. Royal Governor Tryon and New York City Mayor Matthews were in a plot to kidnap and kill George Washington. Thomas Hickey was hanged for his part because he was one of Washington’s inner guards. The obvious threat of British attack on New York was imminent- there were at least 100 British ships in the New York City area around the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. For Franklin, the dressing down he received at the Privy Council was the turning point. For many Patriots, the events at Lexington and Concord turned them. The events around New York settled the issue for John Jay.<br />
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Also during that time (of the signing of the Declaration) Jay went to Salisbury, Connecticut to get cannons for Fort Montgomery. He traveled 280 miles in 4 days. At first he was not granted the request but visited Governor Trumbull and got permission for the cannons. Jay had to focus on the imminent British threat of New York City.<br />
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As far as the Constitution goes, why wasn’t Jay there? He was busy dealing with international relations as Secretary of Foreign Affairs from 1784 until March 1790. Not only did he have to start relations with all the European nations, he dealt with Asian and African nations also. China, India, Barbary States and parts of the Spanish Empire were places with whom the United States had to deal. Jay established the foundation for the State Department and the Supreme Court but gets little credit for either. He also wrote the Constitution for the State of New York in 1777 and helped establish the Supreme Court in the State of New York. He was quite a foundation guy. Hamilton and Jay fought hard for the acceptance of the Constitution in New York. Although they were at first outvoted by a three to one margin, they finally won with a 30-27 vote with Jay's speech getting them over the top.<br />
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One factor for the lack of knowledge about John Jay is because of the shift from New York City as the capital of the nation ( 1789) to Philadelphia (1790 to 1800) and then to Washngton D. C. (since 1800). Little consideration is given to the significance of New York City as being the original capital.<br />
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Another factor is the pro-Jefferson interpretation of history. As the leader of what became the Democrat party, Jefferson has been lionized. As a Federalist, there is no existing Federalist excitement. Hold on, there is some Federalist excitement with the rediscovery of Alexander Hamilton, due to the book by Ron Chernow and the paly by Lin Manuel (and also a shout out will be given to the Alexander Hamilton Awareness Society with Rand Cholet). In the play “Hamilton” Jay is only mentioned briefly. Such treatment for such a good friend of Hamilton! Of all the people in the American colonies, who should Hamilton get as sponsors but Elias Boudinot and William Livingston. Elias Boudinot was President of Continental Congress in Annapolis when Jay was in Paris with the Peace negotiations. (Boudinot also served as the first President of the American Bible Society and Jay was the second President). Hamilton boarded with the William Livingston family while John Jay was courting William’s daughter Sarah/Sally. Hamilton and Jay were practically family members. Odds are very good that Hamilton attended John and Sally Jay’s wedding on April 28, 1774 (the same week of New York’s Tea Party).<br />
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A third factor is the reticence to mention the three letter word (starts with a G and ends with a d) in government and education circles. Jay was a consistent strong Christian and he left a strong record. Do you remember being taught that John Jay was President of the American Bible Society in his retirement? This author can remember reading in a reputable encyclopedia that Jay was offered the position but never took it. Further research led to the fact that he indeed served as the President but only in an honorary aspect. Still he did serve as President in 1822, 1823, 1824 and 1825. You can check out his addresses as President in my book 1787 FAITH.<br />
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There is something riveting about John Jay that the nation needs. He was guided by Christian principles. He stayed faithful to his Lord and to his wife. He stayed faithful to the cause of the new nation and gave excellent leadership to the state government of New York, Continental Congress, the treaty negotiations for the Treaty of Paris, the State Department and the Supreme Court. Back at the beginning of the nation the Supreme Court met in circuits and the justices had to travel in New England, the Middle States and the South. As the second governor of New York he outlawed slavery. He was a personal friend of William Wilberforce (who led the abolition of slavery movement in the British Empire). Jay is a strong example of a Founding Father that opposed slavery. His son William Jay was a strong abolitionist and Frederick Douglass gave the eulogy at his funeral in 1859.<br />
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Tied in with New York City, the house where John Jay lived on New Street and Broadway has been destroyed and replaced with skyscrapers. As you go out of Federal Hall, you are looking straight at New Street. His house is now gone. His houses in Rye and Katonah are out of sight for most New Yorkers and tourists.<br />
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Come with me on a tour of Fraunces Tavern. Surely they would have something remembering John Jay’s work as Secretary of Foreign Affairs. There is currently nothing there about John Jay. In fairness to those who run the tavern, there was a bomb from a Puerto Rican terrorist group that did a lot of damage in the 1970s. Maybe there will be a focus on John Jay at Fraunces Tavern in the future, we shall see.<br />
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With the interest in Alexander Hamilton, here’s hoping that America will keep digging and rediscover John Jay. His integrity needs to be heralded and followed in all three levels of government: executive, judicial and legislative. We need to follow God as he did in the public square with integrity. His son William (the abolitionist) closed his biography about his father with this from Genesis 5:24: “And Enoch walked with God, and he was not, for God took him.”<br />
Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-89522610706682144712018-05-15T19:31:00.002-07:002018-05-15T19:34:01.055-07:00John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster at Federal Hall<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_dEoblyZ3VpBrmJ48_7sO_4MbyOBO8YZ7pOetVlZHJFafjybs-DAF8RxJE29RFnQd3k6HRsb5L6u8_dyNaDl8NTEFaNcGE5dUjwVkSvevCFLNhbfNwIZuZCWWiIOA88vWdW3CeeaVfmE/s1600/John+Jay+Federal+Hall+Washington+praying.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_dEoblyZ3VpBrmJ48_7sO_4MbyOBO8YZ7pOetVlZHJFafjybs-DAF8RxJE29RFnQd3k6HRsb5L6u8_dyNaDl8NTEFaNcGE5dUjwVkSvevCFLNhbfNwIZuZCWWiIOA88vWdW3CeeaVfmE/s400/John+Jay+Federal+Hall+Washington+praying.JPG" width="400" height="300" data-original-width="1600" data-original-height="1201" /></a></div><br />
On April 30, 2018 John Jay revisited Federal Hall with Reenactor Phil Webster. This was the 229th Anniversary of George Washington's First Inauguration. John Jay at that time was the first Secretary of State. Thomas Jefferson did not get back to the United States until March 1790. Jay had served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs under the Confederation Congress and stayed until Jefferson came back from France. During that time Jay and his office wrote 100 reports and 500 letters concerning matters of other countries. He did his work from Fraunces Tavern on Pearl Street in New York City (Lower Manhattan). Please go and tell Fraunces Tavern that you appreciate Mr. Jay's work.<br />
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John Jay was at Federal Hall for the Inauguration on April 30, 1789<br />
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John Jay explained his life from 1774 to 1789 as a New Yorker at Federal Hall. John met Sally Livingston at a dance at Fraunces Tavern in December 1772 and they got married the same week as the New York Tea Party. Many people think of the Founding Fathers as always being old (that is because they did not have photography and it was quite costly to have your portrait painted. Most of the Founders had the money to spend on portraits when they were older). John was 28 and Sally was 17 when they got married (with the permission of Mr. and Mrs. William Livingston of Elizabethtown, New Jersey.<br />
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It is quite Providential that there was a young man who came from a Caribbean island called St. Croix that boarded with the Livingston family at the same time John Jay was courting Sally Livingston. His name is Alexander Hamilton. As John and Sally got married, Alexander was essentially a part of the family and very probably attended their wedding.<br />
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If you would like to see the video of John Jay describing the struggle of New York during the American Revolution up until it was the nation's capital and how the movement for the Constitution started in New York with Hamilton, Madison and John Jay when JOhn and Sally had Alexander and James over for dinner in October 1787.<br />
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<a href="http://">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQ9PNGabBbs</a>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-2231454106884356472018-04-09T15:22:00.001-07:002018-04-09T15:22:38.194-07:00John Jay to attend Washington's Inauguration April 30, 2018 at Federal HallJohn Jay to attend George Washington's Inauguration on April 30, 2018 at Federal Hall in New York City<br />
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It is quite fitting that John Jay should be in attendance at the recreation of the First Inauguration at Federal Hall in New York. Back in April 30, 1789, George Washington took the oath of office outside Federal Hall. He then went into Federal Hall and gave his Inauguration Address. Afterwards, Washington, Adams, the Cabinet (Jay Secretary of State because Jefferson did not return to the United States until March 1790; Henry Knox Secretary of War, Edmund Randolph and Alexander Hamilton Secretary of the Treasury), The Senate and the House of Representatives walked down Wall Street and went north six blocks on Broadway to attend a worship service at St. Paul's Chapel.<br />
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Jay was no stranger to George Washington. Jay was not one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. With at least 100 British ships in the area of New York City harbor, Jay was occupied with the defense of New York. Quite possibly you have heard of Henry Knox's obtaining cannon from Fort Ticonderoga and then taken to Boston in 1775. Jay brought cannon from Salisbury, Connecticut to Fort Montgomery as he rode on horseback 280 miles in 4 days. Also during the events leading up to the battle of Brooklyn, Jay was in charge of a group to detect conspiracies. Jay's group found out Thomas Hickey's plan to kidnap and possibly kill General Washington. Jay was a colonel in the New York Militia and was responsible for Alexander Hamilton getting a captain position in the New York artillery. jay had to move his family to Fishkill and Poughkeepsie as New York was in British hands. Jay helped write New York's Constitution after the Declaration of Independence in 1777. After being in attendance three days at Continental Congress in 1778, Jay was elected President. During his term as President Jay stood with Washington during the Conway Cabal. Washington knew that Jay had his back again.<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-887947387715935552018-03-19T18:12:00.000-07:002018-03-20T18:42:22.486-07:00John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster addressed Homeschool groups at the Great Homeschool Convention in Greenville SC on March 8-10, 2018. He also visited Guilford Courthouse, Cowpens and the Yadkin River near Salisbury NC which was the second of three rivers which Maryland and Delaware Continentals crossed under General Morgan and Greene. Each time the Americans crossed, they got to the other side safely. Each time the British attempted to cross the Catawba, the Yadkin and the Dan Rivers, there was providential flooding where they could not cross.<br />
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John Jay addressed the Homeschool Convention on Friday night with 1776 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence and on Saturday morning with a presentation of the Life of John Jay<br />
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John Jay Reenactor Phil Webster at Cowpens<br />
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Note the Continental Line at the back of the drawing. Those portrayed were the Continental Army soldiers of Maryland and Delaware. When one walks from the British position, the Continentals could not be seen until the last moment over the ridge.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYevPSsZh19OpDXNioioo-Qipy4O7fqqeCXUWnpbeMnPvGqugLwO8IEkSQgua5YzVITGW0n98oEfO3sk4sIds-lHE485MjeAJyMO4HkNgHkYdD_DFamm3qqDShTVOfsSIN5H8siPkegzk/s1600/Phil+pointing+to+Jay+pointing+to+Franklin.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYevPSsZh19OpDXNioioo-Qipy4O7fqqeCXUWnpbeMnPvGqugLwO8IEkSQgua5YzVITGW0n98oEfO3sk4sIds-lHE485MjeAJyMO4HkNgHkYdD_DFamm3qqDShTVOfsSIN5H8siPkegzk/s400/Phil+pointing+to+Jay+pointing+to+Franklin.jpeg" width="400" height="300" data-original-width="1600" data-original-height="1200" /></a></div>Phil Webster at Guilford Courthouse Visitor Center wearing a green jacket in honor of Nathanael Greene<br />
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Yadkin River, (north of Salisbury NC) the second of three rivers where the Americans crossed over but the British were unable due to flooding.<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-63578750982051590512018-02-19T17:57:00.000-08:002018-02-19T17:57:32.169-08:00John Jay reenactor Phil Webster to speak at Great Homeschool Convention at Greenville SC March 8-10John Jay reenactor Phil Webster to speak at Great Homeschool Convention at Greenville SC March 8-10<br />
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Phil Webster will speak as John Jay at two sessions at the Great Homeschool Convention. On Friday at 7:30 PM John Jay will present "1776 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. <br />
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On Saturday morning Mr. Jay will relate stories about his 28 years of service to the new nation.<br />
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• member of Continental Congress<br />
• President of Continental Congress<br />
• Chief Justice of New York<br />
• Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain<br />
• Treaty of Paris Negotiator (with Franklin & Adams)<br />
• Secretary of Foreign Affairs 1784-1789<br />
• Secretary of State 1789-1790<br />
• Chief Justice Supreme Court 1789-1795<br />
• Negotiated Jay Treaty with England<br />
• Governor of New York, outlawed slavery<br />
• President of American Bible Society<br />
• Helped establish Free African School in NYC<br />
• Friend of William Wilberforce<br />
Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-78997763479930195432017-12-05T18:23:00.000-08:002017-12-05T18:25:03.246-08:00Phil Webster/ John Jay at Salisbury MD Barnes and Noble bookstore Dec. 2, 2017Phil Webster/ John Jay at Salisbury MD Barnes and Noble bookstore Dec. 2, 2017<br />
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Phil Webster appeared in character as John Jay at a booksigning of his books 1776 FAITH, 1776 DELMARVA and 1787 FAITH on Saturday, December 2, 2017. <br />
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John and Sally Jay had two sons: <br />
one born in 1776 (Peter), the year of the signing of the Declaration of Independence <br />
and one in 1789 (William), the year when the new government started under the Constitution.<br />
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1776 FAITH documents the Christian worldview of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (54 of the 56 signers had a Christian worldview) It also shows the days of prayer for the country (at least once a year during the American Revolution), the original state Constitutions which had a place for God, instances of Divine Providence on the young nation, the Christian colleges of the era, the effect of the Great Awakening on the Founders and the Christian music of the era. This is a resource to counter specific challenges to specific Founding Fathers.<br />
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1787 documents the Christian worldview of the signers of the Constitution (at least 36 of the 39 signers of the Constitution had a Christian worldview) as well as give some background to each signer. It also goes on to show in chapter five how the United States government dedicated itself to God in New York City at St. Paul's Chapel on April 30, 1789. St. Paul's Chapel is significant in that the Twin Towers fell down at its back door. Does the First Amendment say "Freedom of Religion" or "Separation of Church and State?" Why do all 50 states mention God in their state constitutions? What would the first Chief Justice under the Constitution say about faith in God?<br />
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1776 DELMARVA attempts to show the contributions and sacrifices of the Delmarva Peninsula during the American Revolution. Most Marylanders (let alone the rest of the country) do not realize that Maryland has the unique privilege of flying their flag at the same height as the United States flag because of the sacrifice of Maryland soldiers at the battle of Brooklyn. Delmarva soldiers fought at Brooklyn, Kip's Bay, Harlem Heights, Fort Washington, Washington Crossing, Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, Stony Point and Paulus Hook. That sounds like enough right there but in 1789 they were called upon to march south to the Carolinas and fight eventually at Camden, Cowpens, Guilford Courthouse, the Race to the Dan, Hobrick's Hill, Ninety Six, Eutaw Springs and Yorktown.<br />
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These books would be enjoyed by history lovers as Christmas gifts.Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-14318899808659125392017-10-29T16:43:00.000-07:002017-10-29T16:43:01.579-07:00At Most 5 of 95 Founders Were DeistsAt Most 5 of the 95 Founders Were Deists<br />
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For the last decade or so, it has been pushed in the public schools and universities that "all the Founders were Deist and Atheists and there is no place for God in the public square." In the late 1990s, I came across the 25 volumes of "Letters of the Delegates to Congress 1774-1789." I gave myself "The Founders' Challenge." I read all these volumes (plus 34 volumes of "Journals of Continental Congress" to see if the Founders had an atheistic, deistic or Christian worldview. My findings can be found in my two books 1776 FAITH and 1787 FAITH.<br />
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In "1776 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence" 54 of the 56 signers of the Declaration of Independence had a Christian worldview. The exceptions were Franklin and Jefferson. Even Franklin and Jefferson had strong Christian statements but had views not compatible with a follower of Jesus Christ.<br />
In "1787 FAITH: The Christian Worldview of the Signers of the Constitution" 36 of the 39 signers of the Constitution had a Christian worldview. This is being generous. The possible deists are Franklin, Hugh Williamson and James Wilson. I have yet to see evidence of a blatant anti-Christian worldview from Williamson and Wilson. On the contrary, I have seen quite a bit that puts them in the Christian worldview column. Since Franklin is counted here again, the actual count is 90 to 4 which would be 95.7%<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-81395977212495762552017-10-22T16:19:00.002-07:002017-10-22T16:19:23.682-07:00John Jay at Naval Academy along with Hamilton, Madison and Mason<br />
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It was a high honor to be able to portray John Jay at the Naval Academy on September 15, 2017 to help the Midshipmen celebrate Constitution Day. John Jay with Alexander Hamilton (Rocky Rockefeller) and James Madison (David Smith) as well as George Mason (Mark Croatti) helped midshipmen interact with these future leaders at the Naval Academy for Constitution Day remembrance.<br />
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Naval Academy Library<br />
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Jay and Madison with Midshipmen<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-50259103621263930932017-08-14T17:20:00.000-07:002017-08-14T17:28:15.330-07:00John Jay at Hale Brynes House August 12, 2017<b>John Jay at Hale Brynes House August 12, 2017</b><br />
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John Jay spoke about his career at the Hale Brynes House near Newark, Delaware on Saturday August 12, 2017.<br />
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Hale Brynes House historical marker which highlights the meeting place where Washington, Lafayette, Nathanael Greene met and strategized in 1777<br />
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Hale Brynes House<br />
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Kim Burdick introducing John Jay<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-25078910604464752062017-07-01T10:43:00.000-07:002017-07-06T18:44:13.963-07:00Syracuse University magazine Reenact Highlights John Jay/ Phil WebsterSyracuse University showing love and attention to John Jay<br />
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<b>The Nation's Most Forgotten Founding Father</b><br />
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The Syracuse University grad school of Communications has started a magazine for Reenactors entitled reenactmag. Jasmine Gomez did an article on John Jay on June 29, 2017 and you can check it out on <a href="http://www.reenactmag.com/john-jay-profile/"></a> (Rachel George did the great photography).<br />
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As a John Jay interpreter, Webster is determined to bring Jay the historical recognition that he deserves. “John Jay isn’t feeling the love yet, but we’re working on it,” he says (photo credit: Rachel George).<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuoKmlwBqvZnG1P6QP_PEytLrt6LVg4ncfaPe3c4YHc_VIHvV_O9RzFRKYuNkfliJHCWF9LKdwlONihFFsHFAmUVsX9UEe9cTCYVHPRw71_8Zwe474hi6r5x5y2z01a0AqXkoEPrh7lL0/s1600/Nation%2527s+Most+Forgotten+Founder+Jay+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuoKmlwBqvZnG1P6QP_PEytLrt6LVg4ncfaPe3c4YHc_VIHvV_O9RzFRKYuNkfliJHCWF9LKdwlONihFFsHFAmUVsX9UEe9cTCYVHPRw71_8Zwe474hi6r5x5y2z01a0AqXkoEPrh7lL0/s320/Nation%2527s+Most+Forgotten+Founder+Jay+3.jpg" width="320" height="205" data-original-width="768" data-original-height="491" /></a></div><a href="http://www.reenactmag.com/john-jay-profile/"></a>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-32026637225638465962017-06-18T04:10:00.000-07:002017-06-18T04:10:19.360-07:00John Jay Throwing Clay Pipe to Show stopping of subservience to French diplomacy at Treaty of ParisJohn Jay Throwing Clay Pipe to Show stopping of subservience to French diplomacy at Treaty of Paris<br />
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John Jay threw his pipe into the fireplace to signify the stopping of the practice of being subservient to the French diplomacy of the Treaty of Paris. Jay felt that the United States would get nowhere unless we dealt directly as an independent nation in our diplomacy. Dr. Franklin finally agreed. Keep in mind all of Franklin's work to get the French to help us in terms of getting an alliance with France, getting French monetary support as well as the assistance of French ships and troops.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2go_DadDCwRtbqpe14fhZchyphenhyphenQuivc26eOrNdqyZP53TiyQu-eg2yGXO7AniKor59Ryn_R-vGP2W-iqjMmC_iaRc0iqo9ODoWVKi5Lpzzt_MrfHruK8I0a4ygdOhyphenhyphenRvlQHb_j1mQG4zKY/s1600/IMG_1964.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2go_DadDCwRtbqpe14fhZchyphenhyphenQuivc26eOrNdqyZP53TiyQu-eg2yGXO7AniKor59Ryn_R-vGP2W-iqjMmC_iaRc0iqo9ODoWVKi5Lpzzt_MrfHruK8I0a4ygdOhyphenhyphenRvlQHb_j1mQG4zKY/s400/IMG_1964.JPG" width="300" height="400" data-original-width="1200" data-original-height="1600" /></a></div>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-41372960098489822102017-05-28T09:41:00.003-07:002017-05-28T09:42:57.293-07:00John Jay Press Conference at Chestertown MDJohn Jay Press Conference at Chestertown MD<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdejlB1vAcLKJqAVD7gbt6vJHSXitzL7gQD0-RgyJpd6l4xrQ2xihi3IzsTh_8OrRgJE2C0JwxY-fDx3d6jKaRxwb4w1GdIS6UVq-N8UgaUzVaTTjgQxRqbTCqMpwr0IkBHTJpYYdKnW8/s1600/John+Jay+poster+board.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdejlB1vAcLKJqAVD7gbt6vJHSXitzL7gQD0-RgyJpd6l4xrQ2xihi3IzsTh_8OrRgJE2C0JwxY-fDx3d6jKaRxwb4w1GdIS6UVq-N8UgaUzVaTTjgQxRqbTCqMpwr0IkBHTJpYYdKnW8/s320/John+Jay+poster+board.JPG" width="240" height="320" data-original-width="1200" data-original-height="1600" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAwur4mE_cvM6BRLv37XpBsaiw72TCBsmCF1IOTiq9yNd0dizJPXNuvxKfwZ9-ejgTe5LZr-XpA0zBbs7bhSQ2VhcZEBHsm1jeAtXezMz9qsWfz9dPRg0wKDu1S98aNgulcNHEBvfHwD8/s1600/John+Jay+with+poster+board.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAwur4mE_cvM6BRLv37XpBsaiw72TCBsmCF1IOTiq9yNd0dizJPXNuvxKfwZ9-ejgTe5LZr-XpA0zBbs7bhSQ2VhcZEBHsm1jeAtXezMz9qsWfz9dPRg0wKDu1S98aNgulcNHEBvfHwD8/s320/John+Jay+with+poster+board.JPG" width="240" height="320" data-original-width="1200" data-original-height="1600" /></a></div>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-58465797023250107182017-05-07T13:20:00.000-07:002017-05-07T14:01:49.814-07:00The United States Suffers From a Vitamin Jay Deficiency: Remedy is John JayThe United States Suffers From a Vitamin Jay Deficiency<br />
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The seven pillars of the Founding Fathers are:<br />
George Washington<br />
John Adams<br />
Ben Franklin<br />
Thomas Jefferson<br />
Alexander Hamilton<br />
John Jay<br />
James Madison<br />
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Many people would question the inclusion of John Jay. When people study the Founders in depth, they will see the in-depth contributions of John Jay. Here are some of the tasks that he undertook.<br />
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Member of Continental Congress<br />
Chairman of Committee to Detect Conspiracies (which found out the plot to kidnap and kill George Washington- Thomas Hickey was hanged)<br />
Colonel of New York Militia<br />
Brought cannons from Salisbury Connecticut to Fort Montgomery<br />
Wrote New York's first Constitution when they broke away from England<br />
New York Chief Justice<br />
President of Continental Congress<br />
Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain<br />
Negotiator for Treaty of Paris 1783<br />
Secretary of Foreign Affairs 1784-1789<br />
Secretary of State 1789-1790<br />
Chief Justice of Supreme Court<br />
2nd Governor of New York State who outlawed slavery in the state of New York<br />
President of American Bible Society<br />
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John Jay recently revisited Philadelphia by means of reenactor Phil Webster. He stopped by Carpenters Hall, the new Museum of the American Revolution City Tavern and Old City Hall (Supreme Court building next to Independence Hall). Mr. Jay went to Philadelphia with Chesapeake Tours and really enjoyed seeing Philadelphia. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKFqSRVxS8xsyEJcnwgs8z_QGHddLUE8SI6xEbvOO26VcYDcuA4QgnjgonSRnE6zrOuh9424Wo2RVdGC1GSnAqmWhOBjPzBZP0KgJsFFJ7ePKJMgG40Cw1q3a4DRENktzH1SUSnszlE7k/s1600/IMG_1404.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKFqSRVxS8xsyEJcnwgs8z_QGHddLUE8SI6xEbvOO26VcYDcuA4QgnjgonSRnE6zrOuh9424Wo2RVdGC1GSnAqmWhOBjPzBZP0KgJsFFJ7ePKJMgG40Cw1q3a4DRENktzH1SUSnszlE7k/s400/IMG_1404.JPG" width="300" height="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzbwKTUe8dEgCpXkD51wRfFlt-bw1BQKSPki0e7PfCf4N_lXh6HeAU-tRmkZtg77Uu5MwzUkIDuMApQMWks3zPH_sMyvyF1EuputSJuLUz4FPo_z5puB8SQUsOwocwTMHf6PLldmvIK20/s1600/IMG_1393.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzbwKTUe8dEgCpXkD51wRfFlt-bw1BQKSPki0e7PfCf4N_lXh6HeAU-tRmkZtg77Uu5MwzUkIDuMApQMWks3zPH_sMyvyF1EuputSJuLUz4FPo_z5puB8SQUsOwocwTMHf6PLldmvIK20/s400/IMG_1393.JPG" width="400" height="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfhxo4FimXu37jPMrTkfcf7HlK2-o-oguGE1ta0Gwdjmd_V1zYYektPQiyd6Bv7ZNyWi3J46ORSXPJUugwXfhXjy3pM5PhsJljyd5rLC4_GhPjnC6W_1yBHfz3OsxmqcriZyaMWr5FnH8/s1600/IMG_1394.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfhxo4FimXu37jPMrTkfcf7HlK2-o-oguGE1ta0Gwdjmd_V1zYYektPQiyd6Bv7ZNyWi3J46ORSXPJUugwXfhXjy3pM5PhsJljyd5rLC4_GhPjnC6W_1yBHfz3OsxmqcriZyaMWr5FnH8/s400/IMG_1394.JPG" width="300" height="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFy-H-2G87JnGlxnYNCwNhTj4JPX3aRFiuYdoDufB7Yd8QSwD0P0-TQTa3HCfRUshkfTb9BT_vw70VKsnqMsWUFUPFywysYsG8UoM504pCr9Lqyal44PT-dhsTs6Xnt1pKcojMS_03eWg/s1600/IMG_1393.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFy-H-2G87JnGlxnYNCwNhTj4JPX3aRFiuYdoDufB7Yd8QSwD0P0-TQTa3HCfRUshkfTb9BT_vw70VKsnqMsWUFUPFywysYsG8UoM504pCr9Lqyal44PT-dhsTs6Xnt1pKcojMS_03eWg/s400/IMG_1393.JPG" width="400" height="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju-52xzKEdnjSSLB6ADRtl-v1UsDCUkBBy6-LQ3mmuHqwOAorZe1bsUXCvzVH6G4LvaOPxPW9mV_0VFYXebcEWSG7XNY6KhyXw_VaHz1fQso2kLIVJ6aGb36WcVnHJMBYRQOcpKayBIiE/s1600/IMG_1410.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju-52xzKEdnjSSLB6ADRtl-v1UsDCUkBBy6-LQ3mmuHqwOAorZe1bsUXCvzVH6G4LvaOPxPW9mV_0VFYXebcEWSG7XNY6KhyXw_VaHz1fQso2kLIVJ6aGb36WcVnHJMBYRQOcpKayBIiE/s400/IMG_1410.JPG" width="300" height="400" /></a></div><br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-28790743886382177962017-02-19T17:46:00.001-08:002017-02-19T17:46:26.771-08:00Snubs against John Jay<br />
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Looking at New York celebrations of the Fourth of July, I saw your festival. I was wondering if you would ever like a presentation from John Jay. John Jay is consistently snubbed in books and presentations about the American Revolution. Here are some current snubs: In a new book "Of Arms and Artists" John Jay's picture is cut out of the Signing of the Treaty of Paris<br />
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In the otherwise great work "John Adams" on HBO, Jefferson gets the spotlight in Paris and there is not a peep on John Jay. Since Franklin was ill and Adams was in Holland, Jay did a lot of the negotiating and drafting the Treaty. <br />
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In the recent "Turn" series on AMC, Jay is also not mentioned. However, if you go on the CIA website, you will see that the three most influential spymasters of the American Revolution were Washington, Franklin and Jay.<br />
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https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/the-founding-fathers-of-american-intelligence/art-1.html<br />
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If you look at the evidence, Jay was the director of the Committee for Discovering Conspiracies. In the period coming up to the signing of the Declaration of Independence, John Jay's committee sniffed out a conspiracy to kidnap and kill Washington. Consider if Jay had not sniffed out the plot to kidnap and kill Washington. What would have happened to the American Revolution and the signers of the Declaration of Independence if Washington had been killed.<br />
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When I went to Fraunces Tavern in 2015, there was nothing showing the work that Jay did to establish trade with many nations as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs 1784 to 1789 and the first Secretary of State from April 30, 1789 until May 1790. Nations from Asia, Africa and Europe started their contact with the United States trough John Jay. When I brought this to the attention of Fraunces Tavern, I told them that I wrote about and appeared in character as John Jay. "John Jay is not feeling the love, man." The attendant smiled in agreement.<br />
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John Jay will have his day. He is just the Founding Father that our times needs. As the second governor of New York, he outlawed slavery. He helped start a Free African School in New York City. Jay was a good friend of William Wilberforce in England. <br />
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You can see my books on Amazon. The newest book 1787 FAITH is dedicated to John Jay.<br />
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https://www.amazon.com/Phil-Webster/e/B003UDJQCM/ref=dp_byline_cont_ebooks_1<br />
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Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-90383688131875648582017-01-13T10:17:00.001-08:002017-01-13T14:26:14.387-08:00Recommendations for John Jay portrayal by Phil Webster<br />
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I had the privilege of presenting Ben Franklin's views and values to an audience in Annapolis, MD recently. By my side was Phil Webster, the perfect John Jay for that or any evening. Phil's John Jay was totally believable, bringing Jay's views to life with much more detail and historical accuracy than I'm sure the audience expected. Phil's awareness of Jay and the historical context in which he lived and worked is enormous. Additionally, Phil is a generous and modest fellow, and altogether a pleasure to work with. <br />
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Chris Lowell (www.benfranklinlive.com)<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizoB8XYPMGb-LBRLli5pNoxxNfzFnBnboDQ-4sJd-6XJtzzh6IopTN4ZwHL8XwzrcmRDZ_GLqcIv01ZBTENNWuw92Q49EcSNrg05TXr_LD-M0fA-SzCigj1z8uoEPOOxdQVAyTXGOb1yQ/s1600/Ben+Franklin+and+John+Jay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizoB8XYPMGb-LBRLli5pNoxxNfzFnBnboDQ-4sJd-6XJtzzh6IopTN4ZwHL8XwzrcmRDZ_GLqcIv01ZBTENNWuw92Q49EcSNrg05TXr_LD-M0fA-SzCigj1z8uoEPOOxdQVAyTXGOb1yQ/s400/Ben+Franklin+and+John+Jay.jpg" width="400" height="280" /></a></div>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-59710431952397225632016-10-10T11:25:00.002-07:002017-01-13T10:16:05.093-08:00Recommendations for "Can a Chief Justice Love God?: The Life of John Jay"Recommendations for "Can a Chief Justice Love God?: The Life of John Jay" by Phil Webster (2002 Author House)<br />
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In light of current debates on the issue of "separation of church and state," has anyone bothered to check where the first Supreme Court Chief Justice would have stood?... <br />
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"I must congratulate you on both the motivation which inspired you to undertake the writing of these two important works, and for the yeoman-like performance of research into the history of the life and times of John Jay. Your book is a most revealing and rewarding study of a career which, as you say, has been swept under the rug. "You make a significant contribution to a much-needed understanding on the part of the American public of the Christian worldview which was so characteristic of the signers of our Declaration. With all of the disgraceful attempts being made currently to 'revise' early American history, I find your work refreshing and an encouragement to know of such effort and scholarship as yours being applied to set the record straight. "Thank you for sharing these works with me. I would like to see the actual stage performance of 'Declaration of Reliance Upon God' at some future date. "Thank you again for your thoughtfulness in getting the book and the play to me, and best wishes for their presentation to the wide audiences they deserve."<br />
Sincerely in Christ: Dr. D. James Kennedy March 5, 2003<br />
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"Phil Webster gives us a good look at John Jay, the man of God. The reader gains insight into the depth of John Jay's character, as shaped by his Christian faith. In this day where the character of our nation's leadership seems a matter of diminishing consequence, Mr. Webster reminds us how important Christian character was in the shaping of our nation. "It is refreshing to see through John Jay's life that men and women of strong Christian character can serve their country with honor and distinction. John Jay's life of service, as highlighted in Phil Webster's book, should challenge us all."<br />
Frank Gomez, American Bible Society<br />
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"Phil Webster's book on the life of John Jay provides a significant and welcome contribution to the noble cause of re-claiming the true Christian legacy of yet another founding father. Readers will be challenged to discover the true greatness of the first Chief Justice of the United States and to understand why it is impossible to separate a person's religious/moral belief from his public life. It is my prayer that the message contained in this book will receive a wide and receptive audience." <br />
Mike Mc Hugh, Christian Liberty Press<br />
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"Phil Webster does a wonderful job of highlighting the life of one of the great Founding Fathers. Chief Justice John Jay was a man of character, principle and religious conviction. With the trend in America to forget our history, this book is a refreshing reminder of our great heritage and Christian foundations." <br />
Mat Staver, Liberty Counsel Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-45499265194483271742016-10-10T05:46:00.000-07:002017-12-22T06:12:14.573-08:00JOHN JAY’S CHRISTMAS ADDRESS 1776JOHN JAY’S CHRISTMAS ADDRESS 1776 <br />
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On December 23, 1776, John Jay wrote this following address to the Representatives of New York. For brevity I will refer to it as “John Jay’s Christmas Address 1776.” Continental Congress not only adopted it, they had it translated into German. In this address, the future Chief Justice referred to God at least 33 times. Take note that Jay was not reprimanded for mentioning God. He was chosen as the first Chief Justice by George Washington and approved by the body of Congress under the Constitution in 1789.<br />
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ADDRESS OF THE CONVENTION OF THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK TO THEIR CONSTITUENTS 1 <br />
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At this most important period, when the freedom and happiness, or the slavery and misery, of the present and future generations of Americans, is to be determined on a solemn appeal to <span style="color: red;">the Supreme Ruler of all events</span>, to whom every individual must one day answer for the part he now acts, it becomes the duty of the Representatives of a free people to call their attention to this most serious subject, and the more so at a time when their enemies are industriously endeavoring to delude, intimidate, and seduce them by false suggestions, artful misrepresentations, and insidious promises of protection. <br />
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<span style="color: red;">You and all men were created free</span>, and authorized to created establish civil government, for the preservation of your rights against oppression, and the security of that freedom which <span style="color: red;">God</span> hath given you, against the rapacious hand of tyranny and lawless power. It is, therefore, not only necessary to the well-being of Society, but the duty of every man, to oppose and repel all those, by whatever name or title distinguished, who prostitute the powers of Government to destroy the happiness and freedom of the people over whom they may be appointed to rule.<br />
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Under the auspices and direction of <span style="color: red;">Divine Providence</span>, your forefathers removed to the wilds and wilderness of America. By their industry they made it a fruitful, and by their virtue a happy country. And we should still have enjoyed the blessings of peace and plenty, if we had not forgotten the source from which these blessings flowed; and permitted our country to be contaminated by the many shameful vices which have prevailed among us. It is a well known truth, that no virtuous people were ever oppressed; and it is also true, that a scourge was never wanting to those of an opposite character. <span style="color: red;">Even the Jews,</span> <span style="color: red;">those favorites of Heaven</span>, met with the frowns, whenever they forgot the smiles of <span style="color: red;">their benevolent Creator</span>. By tyrants of Egypt, of Babylon, of Syria, and of Rome, they were severely chastised; and those tyrants themselves, when they had executed the vengeance of <span style="color: red;">Almighty God</span>, their own crimes bursting on their own heads, received the rewards justly due to their violation of the sacred rights of mankind.<br />
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You were born equally free with the Jews, and have as good a right to be exempted from the arbitrary domination of Britain, as they had from the invasions of Egypt, Babylon, Syria, or Rome. But they, for their wickedness, were permitted to be scourged by the latter; and we, for our wickedness, are scourged by tyrants as cruel and implacable as those. Our case, however, is peculiarly distinguished from theirs. Their enemies were strangers, unenlightened, and bound to them by no ties of gratitude or consanguinity. Our enemies, on the contrary, call themselves Christians. They are of a nation and people bound to us by the strongest ties—a people, by whose side we have fought and bled; whose power we have contributed to raise; who owe much of their wealth to our industry, and whose grandeur has been augmented by our exertions. It is unnecessary to remind you that during the space of between one and two hundred years, every man sat under his own vine and his own fig-tree, and there was none to make us afraid—that the people of Britain never claimed a right to dispose of us, and everything belonging to us, according to their will and pleasure, until the reign of the present King of that Island—and that to enforce this abominable claim they have invaded our country by sea and land. From this extravagant and iniquitous claim, and from the unreasonable as well as cruel manner in which they would gain our submission, it seems as though <span style="color: red;">Providence</span> were determined to use them as instruments to punish the guilt of this country, and bring us back to a sense of duty to our <span style="color: red;">Creator</span>. <br />
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You may remember that to obtain redress of the many grievances to which the King and Parliament of Great Britain had subjected you, the most dutiful petitions were presented, not only by the several Assemblies, but by the Representatives of all America in General Congress. And you cannot have forgot with what contempt they were neglected; nay, the humblest of all petitions, praying only to be heard, was answered by the sound of the trumpet and the clashing of arms. This, however, is not the only occasion on which the hearts of kings have been hardened; and in all probability it will add to the number of those instances in which their oppression, injustice and hardness of heart have worked their destruction. <br />
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Being bound by the strongest obligations to defend the the inheritance which <span style="color: red;">God</span> hath given us, to Him we referred our Cause, and opposed the assaults of our taskmasters, being determined rather to die free than live slaves and entail bondage on our children. <br />
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By our vigorous efforts and by the goodness of <b>Divine Providence</b>, those cruel invaders were driven from our country in the last Campaign. We then flattered ourselves that the signal success of our arms, and the unanimity and spirit of our people, would have induced our foes to desist from the prosecution of their wicked designs, and disposed their hearts to peace. But peace we had not yet deserved. Exultation took place of thanksgiving, and we ascribed that to our own prowess which was only to be attributed to <b>the great Guardian of the innocent</b>. The enemy with greater strength again invade us —invade us not less by their arts than their arms. They tell you that if you submit you shall have protection; that their king breathes nothing but peace; that he will revise (not repeal) all his cruel acts and instructions, and will receive you into favor. But what are the terms on which you are promised peace? Have you heard of any except absolute, unconditional obedience and servile submission? If his professions are honest—if he means not to cajole and deceive you, why are you not explicitly informed of the terms, and whether parliament means to tax you hereafter at their will and pleasure? Upon this and the like points, these military commissioners of peace are silent; and, indeed, are not authorized to say a word, unless a power to grant pardon implies a power to adjust claims and secure privileges; or unless the bare possession of life is the only privilege which Americans are to enjoy. For a power to grant pardon is the only one which their parliament or prince have thought proper to give them. And yet they speak of peace, but hold daggers in their hands, They invite you to accept of blessings, and stain your habitations with blood. Their voice resembles the voice of Jacob, but their voice resembles the hands are like the hands of Esau. <br />
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If their Sovereign intends to repeal any of the acts we complain of, why are they not especially named? If he designs you shall be free, why does he not promise that the claim of his parliament, to bind you in all cases whatsoever, shall be given up and relinquished? If a reasonable peace was intended, why did he not empower his Commissioners to treat with the Congress, or with Deputies from all the Assemblies; or why was not some other mode devised, in which America might be heard? Is it not highly ridiculous for them to pretend that they are authorized to treat of a peace between Britain and America with every man they meet? Was such a treaty ever heard of before? Is such an instance to be met with in the history of mankind? No! The truth is, peace is not meant; and their specious pretentions and proclamations are calculated only to disunite and deceive. <br />
<br />
If the British king really desires peace, why did he order all your vessels to be seized, and confiscated? Why did he most cruelly command, that the men found on board such vessels should be added to the crews of his ships of war, and compelled to fight against their own countrymen— to spill the blood of their neighbors and friends; nay, of their fathers, their brothers and their children; and all this before these pretended ambassadors of peace had arrived on our shores! Does any history, sacred or profane, record any thing more horrid, more impious, more execrably wicked, tyrannical or devilish? If there be one single idea of peace in his mind, why does he order your cities to be burned, your country to be desolated, your brethren to starve, and languish, and die in prison? If any thing were intended besides destruction, devastation, and bloodshed, why are the mercenaries of Germany transported near four thousand miles to plunder your houses; ravish your wives and daughters; strip your infant children; expose whole families naked, miserable, and forlorn, to want, to hunger, to inclement skies, and wretched deaths? If peace were not totally reprobated by him, why are those pusillanimous, deluded, servile wretches among you, who, for present ease or impious bribes, would sell their liberty, their children, and their souls; who, like savages, worship every devil that promises not to hurt them; or obey any mandates, however cruel, for which they are paid? how is it, that these sordid, degenerate creatures, who bow the knee to this king, and daily offer incense at his shrine; should be denied the peace so repeatedly promised them? Why are they indiscriminately abused, robbed, and plundered, with their more deserving neighbors? But in this world, as in the other, it is in this world as in the other right and just that the wicked should be punished by their the wicked will be punished by their seducers. <br />
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In a word, if peace was the desire of your enemies, and humanity their object, why do they thus trample under foot every right and every duty, human and divine? Why, like the demons of old, is their wrath to be expiated only by demons of old human sacrifices? Why do they excite the savages of the wilderness to murder our inhabitants and exercise cruelties unheard of among civilized nations? No regard for religion or virtue remains among them. Your very churches bear witness of their impiety; your churches are used without hesitation as jails, as stables, and as houses of sport and for impiety theatrical exhibitions. What faith, what trust, what confidence, can you repose in these men, who are deaf to the call of humanity, dead to every sentiment of religion, and void of all regard for the temples of the <span style="color: red;">Lord of Hosts</span>? <br />
<br />
And why all this desolation, bloodshed, and unparalleled cruelty? They tell you to reduce your obedience. Obedience to what? To their will and pleasure! And then what? Why, then you shall be pardoned, because you consent to be slaves. And why should you be slaves now, having been freemen ever since this country was settled? Because, forsooth, the king and parliament of an island three thousand miles off, choose that you should be hewers of wood and drawers of water for them. And is this the people whose proud domination you are taught to solicit? Is this the peace which some of you so ardently desire? For shame ! for shame ! <br />
<br />
But you are told that their armies are numerous, their fleet strong, their soldiers valiant, their resources great; that you will be conquered; that victory ever attends their standard; and therefore that your opposition is vain, your resistance fruitless. What then? You can but be slaves at last, if you should think life worth holding on so base a tenure. But who is it that gives victory? By whom is a nation exalted? Since what period hath the race been always to the swift and the battle to the strong? Can you be persuaded that the merciful <span style="color: red;">King of kings</span> hath surrendered His crown and sceptre to the merciless tyrant of Britain and committed the affairs of this lower world to his guidance, control and direction? We learned otherwise from our fathers; and <span style="color: red;">God himself</span> hath told us that strength and numbers avail not against <span style="color: red;">Him</span>. Seek then to be at peace with <span style="color: red;">Him, seekHis</span> alliance, and fear not the boasted strength and power of His alliance your foes. <br />
<br />
You may be told that your forts have been taken, your country ravaged, and that your armies have retreated, and therefore that <span style="color: red;">God</span> is not with you. It is true that some forts have been taken, that our country hath been ravaged, and that <span style="color: red;">our Maker</span> is displeased with us. But it is also true that <span style="color: red;">the King of Heaven</span> is not like the King of Britain, implacable. If His assistance be sincerely implored, it will surely be obtained. If we turn from our sins, He will turn from His anger. Then will our arms be crowned with success, and the pride and power of our enemies, like the arrogance and pride of Nebuchadnezzar, will vanish away. Let us do our duty and victory will be our reward. Let a general reformation of manners take place; let no more widows and orphans, compelled to fly from their peaceful abodes, complain that you make a market of their distress, and take cruel advantage of their necessities; when your country is invaded and cries aloud for your aid, fly not to some secure corner of a neighboring State and remain idle spectators of her distress, but share in her fate and manfully support her cause; let universal charity, public spirit and private virtue be inculcated, encouraged and practised; unite in preparing for a vigorous defence of your country, as if all depended on your own exertions; and when you have done these good things, then rely upon the <span style="color: red;">good Providence of Almighty God</span> for success, in full confidence, that without <span style="color: red;">His blessing</span> all our efforts will evidently fail.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7fk7BRfc6EHPId4vBjOnxzdtrKnGahsX1CGzuZnwpgMoCyGbNQAqmmvl53aksmGVVj4dpP-OPpErS8uoD0GxBi2e89om5svVRggJWn3IyQB4hhtPb3smZiMj-QPi7ZXghyphenhyphenhYIIzw3ga8/s1600/Appeal+to+Heaven+flag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7fk7BRfc6EHPId4vBjOnxzdtrKnGahsX1CGzuZnwpgMoCyGbNQAqmmvl53aksmGVVj4dpP-OPpErS8uoD0GxBi2e89om5svVRggJWn3IyQB4hhtPb3smZiMj-QPi7ZXghyphenhyphenhYIIzw3ga8/s320/Appeal+to+Heaven+flag.jpg" width="320" height="188" /></a></div><br />
A people moving on these solid principles never have been, and never will be, subjected by any tyrant whatever. Cease, then, to desire the flesh-pots of Egypt, and remember their taskmasters and oppressions. No longer hesitate about rejecting all dependence on a king who will rule you only with a rod of iron. Tell those who blame you for declaring yourselves independent that you have done no more than what your late king had done for you; that he declared you to be out of his protection; that he absolved you from all allegiance; that he made war upon you, and instead of your king he became your enemy and destroyer. By his consent, by his own act, you became independent of his crown. If you are wise you will always continue so. Freedom is now in your power. Value the heavenly gift. Remember, if you dare to neglect or despise it, you offer an insult to the <span style="color: red;">Divine Bestower</span>. Nor despair of keeping it. Despair and despondency mark a little mind and indicate a grovelling spirit. After the armies of Rome had been repeatedly defeated by Hannibal, that Imperial City was besieged by this brave and experienced general at the head of a numerous and victorious army. But so far were her glorious citizens from being dismayed by the loss of so many battles and of all their country, so confident in their own virtues and the protection of Heaven, that the very land on which protection of Heaven the Carthaginians were encamped was sold at public auction for more than the usual price. Those heroic citizens disdained to receive his protection or to regard his proclamations. They remembered that their ancestors had left them free—ancestors who had bled in rescuing their country from the tyranny of kings. They invoked the protection of the Supreme Being. They bravely defended their city with undaunted resolution; they repelled the enemy and recovered their country. Blush, then, ye degenerate spirits; who give all over for lost, because your enemies have marched over three or four counties in this and a neighboring State—ye who basely fly to have the yoke of slavery fixed upon your necks and to swear that you and your children after you shall be slaves forever! Such men deserve to be slaves, and are fit only for beasts of burden to the rest of mankind. Happy would it be for America if they were removed away, instead of continuing in this Country to people it with a race of animals who, from their form, must be classed among human species, but possess none of those qualities which render man more respectable than the brutes. <br />
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There never yet was a war in which victory and success did not sometimes change sides. In the present, nothing has happened either singular or decisive. Inquire dispassionately, and be not deceived by those artful tales which emissaries so industriously circulate. <br />
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A powerful and well-disciplined army, supported by a respectable fleet, invade this country. They are opposed by an army which, though numerous and brave, is quite undisciplined. Notwithstanding this manifest disparity, they have never thought it prudent to give us battle, though they have often had the fairest opportunities. True it is, that taking advantage of that critical moment when our forces are almost disbanded, they have penetrated into Jersey, and marched a considerable distance without being attacked. If any are alarmed at this circumstance, let them consider that we do not fight for a few acres of land, but for freedom—for the freedom and happiness of millions yet unborn. <br />
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Would it not be highly imprudent to risk such important events upon the issue of a general battle, when it is certain Great Britain cannot long continue the war, and by protracting it we cannot fail of success? The British Ministry, sensible of this truth, and convinced that the people of England are aware of it, have promised that the present campaign shall be the last. They are greatly and justly alarmed at their situation. A country drained of men and money, the difficulties of supplying fleets and armies at so great a distance, the danger of domestic insurrections, the probability that France will take advantage of their defenseless condition, the ruin of their commerce by our privateers— these are circumstances at which the boldest are dismayed. They are convinced that the people will not remain long content in such a dangerous situation: hence it is that they press so hard to make this campaign decisive; and hence it is that we should endeavor to avoid it. Even suppose that Philadelphia, which many believed to be of such great importance, suppose it was taken or abandoned, the conquest of America will still be at a great distance. Millions, determined to be free, still remain to be subdued—millions who disdain to part with their liberties, their consciences, and the happiness of their posterity in future ages, for infamous protections and dishonorable pardons. But amidst all the terror and dismay which have taken hold of some weak minds, let us consider the advantage under which we prosecute the present war. Our country supplies us with every commodity which is necessary for life and defence. Arms and ammunition are now abundantly manufactured in almost all the American States, and our armies will be abundantly supplied with all military stores. We have more fighting men in America than Britain can possibly send. Our trade is free, and every port of France and Spain affords protection to our ships. Other nations, invited by the advantages of the commerce, will doubtless soon follow their example; and experience must convince the most incredulous that the British Navy cannot exclude us from the sea. If their armies have invaded, ravaged and plundered our dominions and our people, have we not successfully attacked them on their boasted empire of the ocean? Have not our privateers brought into our ports of America British property to the amount of more than fifteen hundred thousand pounds?<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2bXYzjPtgrmv5ursMKvsYp8El8QQDUvSTLLwZ7aQ0OI11s8CgvNmeNJYUC6Lbk3Ox2IRkICfjwsVWgN2C88oyRLcc6jlKE2G6XiaZhbPbqrRxdicX9UehMUdqAgwsTeO5SFnZq_EPpyw/s1600/Lambert+Wickes+Historical+Marker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2bXYzjPtgrmv5ursMKvsYp8El8QQDUvSTLLwZ7aQ0OI11s8CgvNmeNJYUC6Lbk3Ox2IRkICfjwsVWgN2C88oyRLcc6jlKE2G6XiaZhbPbqrRxdicX9UehMUdqAgwsTeO5SFnZq_EPpyw/s320/Lambert+Wickes+Historical+Marker.jpg" width="295" height="320" /></a></div><i>Captain Lambert Wickes (who captured 18 British ships in 18 months in 1776-1777) contributed greatly to bringing the battle to the British </i><br />
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And do we not daily receive the most valuable cargoes from foreign countries in spite of those fleets whose colors have waved in triumph over the globe? The article of salt, about which some of you have been uneasy, will soon be fully supplied. The shores of America are washed by the ocean for more than two thousand miles. Works for manufacturing salt have been erected and proved successful, and many cargoes of it are expected, and have arrived, in the neighboring States. Provisions of every kind abound among us. From our plenteous stores Great Britain hath heretofore supplied her necessities, though she now most wantonly and ungratefully abuses the kind hand which hath ministered to her wants and alleviated her distress. As to clothing, the rapid increase of our manufacturers, and the supplies we obtain from abroad, quiet all fears upon that subject. By the most authentic intelligence from Europe, we are informed that the people of France are ripe for a war with Britain, and will not omit the present opportunity of extending their commerce, and humbling their rival. Every State in Europe beheld with a jealous eye the growing power of the British empire, and the additional strength she daily received from this amazing continent; for they could not but perceive that their own security was diminished in proportion as her power to injure them increased. Whence is it, then, that some persons pretend to assure you that France, Spain, and the other European States, are not disposed to favor you? The wise and virtuous of all nations have pronounced our cause to be just, and approved the manner in which our resistance hath been conducted. <br />
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Whoever, therefore, considers the natural strength and advantage of this country, the distance it is removed from Britain, the obvious policy of many European Powers, the great supplies of arms and amunition cheerfully afforded us by the French and Spaniards, and the feeble and destitute condition of Britain—that she is drained of men and of money, obliged to hire foreign mercenaries for the execution of her wicked purposes; in arrears to her troops for a twelve month’s pay, which she cannot or will not discharge: her credit sunk; her trade ruined; her inhabitants divided; her King unpopular, and her Ministers execrated; that she is overwhelmed with a monstrous debt; cut off from the vast revenue heretofore obtained by taxes on American produce; her West India Islands in a starving condition; her ships taken; her merchants involved in bankruptcy; her design against us wicked, unjust, cruel, contrary to <span style="color: red;">the laws of God </span>and man, pursued with implacable, unrelenting vengeance, and in a manner barbarous and opposed to the usage of civilized nations ;—whoever considers that we have humbly sought peace and been refused; that we have been denied even a hearing; all our petitions rejected; all our remonstrances disregarded; that we fight not for conquest but only for security; that our cause is <span style="color: red;">the cause of God</span>, of human nature and posterity: whoever we say seriously considers these things, must entertain very improper ideas of the <span style="color: red;">Divine justice</span> to which we have appealed, and be very little acquainted with the course of human affairs, to harbor the smallest doubt of our being successful. <br />
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Remember the long and glorious struggle of the United Netherlands against the power of Spain, to which they had once been subjected. Their extent was small, their country poor, their people far from numerous, and unaccustomed to arms, and in the neighborhood of their enemies. Spain, at that time the most powerful kingdom in Europe, her fleet formidable, her armies great, inured to war, and led by the best generals of the age, and her Treasury overflowing with the wealth of Mexico and Peru—endeavored to enslave them. They dutifully remonstrated against the design. Their petitions were treated with contempt, and fire and sword was carried into their country to compel submission. They nobly resolved to be free. They declared themselves to be independent States, and after an obstinate struggle, frustrated the wicked intentions of Spain. Switzerland presents us with another instance of magnanimity. That country was oppressed by cruel tyrants, but the people refused to continue in bondage. With arms in their hands they expelled those tyrants, and left to their descendants the portion of freedom. <br />
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Even England, whose Genius now blushes for the degeneracy of her sons, hath afforded examples of opposition to tyranny which are worthy to be imitated by all nations. His sacred Majesty Charles the First, lost his head and his crown by attempting to enslave his subjects; and his sacred Majesty James the Second, was for the same reason expelled the kingdom, with his whole family, and the Prince of Orange chosen king in his stead. The English were too wise to believe that the person of any tyrant could be sacred, and never suffered any man to wear the crown who attempted to exercise the powers of royalty to the destruction of the people from whom those powers were derived. This practice is not only consistent with human reason, but perfectly consonant to <span style="color: red;">the will and practice of God</span> perfectly consonant to himself. You know that the Jews were under his peculiar direction, and you need not be informed of the many himself instances in which he took the crown from such of their the Jews were under his kings as refused to govern according to the laws of the peculiar direction Jews. <br />
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If then, God hath given us freedom, are we responsible to him for that, as well as other talents? If it be our birthright, let us not sell it for a mess of pottage, nor suffer it to be torn from us by the hand of violence! If the means of defence are in our power and we do not make use of them, what excuse shall we make to our children and <span style="color: red;">our Creator</span>? These are questions of the deepest concern to us all. These are questions which materially affect our happiness, not not only in this world but in only in this world but in the world to come. And surely, “if the world to come ever a test for the trial of spirits can be necessary, it is now. If ever those of liberty and faction ought to be distinguished from each other, it is now. If ever it is incumbent on the people to know truth and to follow it, it is now.” Rouse, therefore, brave Citizens! Do your duty like men! and be persuaded that <span style="color: red;">Divine Providence</span> will not permit this Western World to be involved in the horrors of slavery. Consider that, from the earliest ages of the world, Religion, Liberty and Empire, have been bounding their course toward the setting sun. <span style="color: red;">The Holy Gospels</span> are yet to be preached to those western regions, and we have the highest reason to believe that <span style="color: red;">the Almighty</span> hand in hand! It cannot, it will not be. <br />
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But if there be any among us, dead to all sense of honor, and love of their country; if deaf to all the calls of liberty, virtue and religion liberty, virtue, and religion; if forgetful of the magnanimity of their ancestors, and the happiness of their children; if neither the examples nor the success of other nations, the dictates of reason and of nature, or the great duties they the great duties they owe to owe to their <span style="color: red;">God</span>, themselves, and their posterity, have any effect upon them; if neither the injuries they have received, the prize they are contending for, the future blessings or curses of their children, the applause or the reproach of all mankind, the approbation or displeasure of <span style="color: red;">the Great Judge</span>, or the happiness or misery consequent upon their conduct, in this and a future state, can move them ;—then let them be assured, that they deserve to be slaves, and are entitled to nothing but anguish and tribulation. Let them banish from their remembrance the reputation, the freedom, and the happiness they have inherited from their forefathers. Let them forget every duty, human and divine; remember not that they have children: and beware how they call to the justice of the Supreme mind the justice of <span style="color: red;">the Supreme Being</span>: let them go into captivity, like the idolatrous and disobedient Jews, and be a reproach and a by-word among the nations. <br />
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But we think better things of you. We believe, and are persuaded, that you will do your duty like men, and cheerfully refer your cause to the great and righteous Judge. Refer your cause to the If success crown your efforts, all the blessings of Freedom great and righteous Judge will be your reward. If you fail in the contest, you will be happy with <span style="color: red;">God</span> and Liberty in <span style="color: red;">Heaven</span>. By the unanimous order of the Convention: AB’M TEN BROECK, President FISHKILL, December 23rd 1776. <br />
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[1 The misfortunes and defeats experienced by the American troops in the campaign of 1776 produced so much despondency that the Continental Congress and some of the State bodies issued spirited and encouraging addresses to the people, which, with the victories at Trenton and Princeton, wonderfully revived faith and confidence. Among the addresses was the above from the New York Convention, Jay being the author of it. The Continental Congress so far adopted it as its own as to recommend its “serious perusal” by all the people of America, and ordered it to be translated into the German language.] <br />
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Does it strike the modern reader as being odd that we have an instance of someone who is chosen as the first Chief Justice who mentions God so much? Why in the name of Heaven would Congress under the Constitution pick such a man to be the first Chief Justice? This address was in the Maryland Gazette for two weeks in 1777 and the Virginia Gazette as well as other newspapers. It was translated into German for the benefit of German speaking patriots. Not only was it translated into German, it was translated into German at government expense.<br />
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1 Supreme Ruler<br />
2 created<br />
3 freedom which God hath given you<br />
4 Divine Providence<br />
5 the source from which these blessings flowed<br />
6 the Jews, those favorites of Heaven<br />
7 benevolent Creator<br />
8 Almighty God<br />
Christians<br />
Every man sat under his own vine and his own fig-tree<br />
9 Providence<br />
10 Creator<br />
not the only occasion on which the hearts of kings have been hardened<br />
11 the inheritance which God hath given us<br />
12 Divine Providence<br />
voice resembles the Voice of Jacob, but the hands are like the hands of Esau<br />
bow the knee to this king<br />
in this world as in the other the wicked will be punished<br />
demons of old<br />
no regard for religion or virtue<br />
your churches are used for impiety<br />
dead to every sentiment of religion<br />
13 Void of regard for the temples of the Lord of Hosts<br />
14 By whom is a nation exalted?<br />
15 King of Kings<br />
16 God himself<br />
17 Him<br />
18 His alliance<br />
19 God<br />
20 our Maker<br />
21 The King of Heaven<br />
22 He will turn from His anger<br />
Nebuchadnezzar<br />
23 good Providence of Almighty God<br />
24 His blessing<br />
Cease to desire the fleshpots of Egypt<br />
Value the heavenly gift<br />
25 The Divine Bestower<br />
26 protection of Heaven<br />
27 the Supreme Being<br />
28 contrary to the laws of God and man<br />
29 our cause the cause of God<br />
30 Divine justice<br />
31 perfectly consonant to the will and practice of God himself<br />
32 the Jews were under his peculiar direction<br />
33 God hath given us freedom<br />
34 are we responsible to him?<br />
let us not sell it for a mess of pottage<br />
35 Our Creator<br />
not only in this world but in the world to come<br />
36 Divine Providence<br />
37 Holy Gospel<br />
38 the Almighty<br />
the Gospel<br />
liberty, virtue and religion<br />
39 the great duties they owe to their God<br />
40 the Great Judge<br />
41 the justice of the Supreme Being<br />
42 Refer your cause to the great and righteous Judge<br />
43 happy with God and Liberty in Heaven<br />
<br />
<br />
33 instances of mentioning God by different names<br />
10 instances of referring to God as Him, etc.<br />
16 biblical references<br />
<br />
Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-8949665000312778852016-10-10T05:42:00.000-07:002016-10-10T05:42:34.156-07:00Background for John Jay Christmas Address 1776 Why John Jay Had to Stay: New York Christmas Address 1776 The year 1776 turned out to be more than a tough year for the state and City of New York, it was disastrous. If you did not realize it before you will see why John Jay had to stay in New York. As of June 1776 there were two British warships in New York harbor and New Yorkers were anticipating the arrival any day of the British Fleet. As advertised, the fleet came and showed off its power and intimidated the citizens. Let us look at the multiplied defeats in the New York Theater of operations.
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The Battle of Brooklyn could have ended the American Revolution. Our army was almost totally destroyed; almost. The Americans were outnumbered (15,000 to 20,000 or 30,000), outclassed, outgunned and out strategized. We were no match for the British Fleet. General Howe outflanked us and had the Continental Army facing two fronts. The Maryland Line served with honor; 256 Marylanders gave up their lives so that the rest of the Continental Army could escape. A huge storm came up which delayed the British advance. In an amazing feat, Washington retreated across the East River. The dawn came accompanied with a fog that did not lift until Washington left on the last boat. I highly recommend David McCullough’s illustrated version of 1776 about the battle of Brooklyn.
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After the Brooklyn defeat, another battle was fought at Kip’s Bay. We lost that battle also. The British rubbed it in by sounding fox hunt music. After Kip’s Bay, the British beat us again at Harlem but we put up a good fight. We lost Fort Lee and then Fort Washington. The loss of life and the number of prisoners lost to the British staggered the resolve of the Patriots. On top of all the losses, New York suffered with the great fire in September. Defeat after hard defeat gives us the context for the New York Convention asking John Jay to write something to enliven the spirits of New Yorkers. He wrote what I have entitled “The New York Christmas Address of 1776” or “John Jay’s 1776 Christmas Address.” What was John Jay doing all this time? Most of us do not think of John Jay on horseback. He travelled over 250 miles on horseback from Fort Montgomery (nine miles south of West Point) to Salisbury, Connecticut ( a trip of about 70 miles) trying to secure cannons. Being unsuccessful, he went another 75 miles to Lebanon, Connecticut where he got 10 twelve pound and 10 six pound cannons. He took them to Poughkeepsie and travelled to Livingston Manor. In the midst of all this, John Jay is a young guy that just got married to Sally Jay in 1775. His wife Sally gave birth to a son named Peter in January 1776. Sally became ill around this time and Jay had to pick her up at Elizabeth, New Jersey and took her to supposed safety in Fishkill, New York. Once he got her settled, Jay went to Rye, New York and brought his parents to Fishkill also. If you were a New Yorker during this time, things were lower than glum, they were desperate. Knowing his despondent audience, Jay wrote his address to give hope to suffering New Yorkers. To see a reading of the address go to Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-43412978995274972012016-10-09T14:09:00.000-07:002016-10-09T14:09:24.988-07:00John Jay Prayer Proclamation May 26, 1779Proclamation of Continental Congress May 26, 1779 John Jay President [Raising Battalions by Appealing to the Supreme Ruler]
By the Congress of the United States of America
A Proclamation
The circumstances attending the violation of the rights of America, by Great Britain, and the events of the present war in consequence of that violation, have manifested, that the supreme ruler of Heaven and earth, led these United States out of bondage; and that it is he who hath made them Independent. A situation in which only, they can be secure against their enemies; and from which mankind can receive those blessings, which, the great father of all, hath designed they should enjoy from the civilization of this new world.
The United efforts of these states under the favor of heaven have hitherto rendered vain, the mighty exertions against them by the King of Great Britain, by arms; and have frustrated the destructive designs of that prince, by negotiations. Happily the United States by experience know, that such efforts are capable of securing them against his power; and that their duty to God, to themselves, to their posterity, and to mankind, impels them to exert those efforts to the utmost of their ability.
The present season for military operations, furnishes them with an opportunity of discharging this duty. The smiles of their creator upon their past actions, furnishes them with an opportunity of discharging this great duty. The smiles of their creator upon their past actions must inspire them with religious confidence in their future exertions; the hardships they have suffered, enable them to encounter new difficulties; and their great ally regarding their Cause as his own, and taking part in the war, must warm their affections, excite their emulation, and invigorate their proceedings.
May 26, 1779
The President [John Jay]
The Continental Congress, with John Jay as its President, saw that the way of getting the states to raise battalions was to appeal to the supreme ruler of Heaven and earth who led the United States out of bondage.Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-76642591510402289512016-10-09T14:05:00.001-07:002016-10-09T14:05:50.109-07:00John Jay and Spying
People are asking about the authenticity of the AMC program “Turn” on Sunday nights. I have been watching with interest because John Jay was quite involved in the spy network in and around New York. His work with Enoch Crosby served as the basis for a book entitled “The Spy” by James Fennimore Cooper (who was a friend of John Jay’s son).
Jay served on the Secret Committee of the New York Convention (Vol. I, p.75). On July 22, 1776, Jay purchased a cannon from Salisbury, Connecticut. Robert Morris’ September 23rd letter to Jay speaks of invisible ink used in letters (I, 84). Jay served on the Secret Committee whose purpose was “for inquiring into, detecting, and defeating all conspiracies which may be formed in this State against the liberties of America.” (I, 90). In Continental Congress, on November 29, 1775 a group was formed named the Secret Committee consisting of Benjamin Harrison, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Johnson [Maryland], John Dickinson and John Jay.
During the first part of the war, Jay also served as Chief Justice of the State of New York. “I am now engaged in the most disagreeable part of my duty, trying criminals. Roberries become frequent: the woods afford them shelter, and the tories food.” (I, 179) After serving as President of Continental Congress, Jay was commissioned as Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain to try to get them to join the United States against Great Britain. Jay’s letters were continually checked by both the Spanish and French authorities. He asked that Congress would send him six letters in hope that one would get through. Following is a cipher code from Jay to Robert Morris on November 19, 1780 (I, 446):
“Should the following cipher reach you safe, we may afterward write with less reserve. Entick’s Spelling Dictionary, printed in 1777 [it pains a Webster to mention any other dictionary], paged backwards. The last page in the book is numbered 468. Let this be page the first, and mark the page (which is the title page) 468. Count the words from the top, distinguishing the columns by a [.] over the first figure for the first column, and a [.] over the second figure for the second column. For instance, the word absent is the fifth word in the first column of the 434th page, and is to be written: 5,434.”Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-82120491693700286372016-10-09T14:00:00.001-07:002016-10-09T14:03:09.367-07:00Sally Jay's Contribution to the Paris Peace TreatySally Jay's Contribution to the Paris Peace Treaty
Sally Jay’s Impact on the Treaty of Paris 1783 Not much historical thought is given to Sally (Sarah) Jay. Not much focus is put upon her travel with her husband to Spain and then to France in the middle of the American Revolutionary War. Let us turn our focus on her huge impact on the negotiations of the Treaty of Paris 1783. If Sally Jay did not accompany her husband to Spain and then France, we might not have gotten a peace treaty.
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The daughter of William Livingston came to become the wife of John Jay. It was difficult being newly married in April, 1774. She gave birth to Peter in January 1776. With New York in British hands she moved to different places during 1775-1779. (Elizabethtown, New Jersey; Fishkill, New York; Rye New York) Mrs. John Jay would have been a sought after target for the British and Tories. In one sense making the Atlantic crossing was not all that daunting for her, she was used to it. The British were after the Jays on land or on sea. If she was caught on a ship it would have probably been the Tower of London. If she was caught in New York or New Jersey there would have been equal difficulties.
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The Jays left Chester Pennsylvania on October 1779. Her husband John has been President of Continental Congress the past year (1778) in Philadelphia and has now been sent to Spain as Minister Plenipotentiary to try to get Spain to officially recognize the United States and give us financial aid. The ship Confederacy gets hit by a fortnight storm (10-14 days) where the masts break and the rudder is damaged. One can imagine the sea-sicknesses and tendency of people to be down mentally in such conditions. Sally wrote to her mother when they finally limped into the island of Martinique. She said that John's characteristics shone like a diamond throughout the extended storm. I must add that she had similar qualities to not loose her head in such conditions. The French ship Aurora allowed them to go to Cadiz, Spain (they were pursued by a British ship). In rough lodging sometimes, the Jays made their way to Madrid eventually. On one instance the coach carrying them turned over. The Spanish did not want to recognize the United States and John kept going back and forth from Madrid to Aranjuez. Sally gave birth to Susan on July 9,1780. Susan died one month later. Sally could have been a basket case but in spite of her grief, she moved on. Her faith in God sustained her in these trials. Maria was born in Madrid on February 20, 1782. Franklin and Adams saw the futility of the Spanish negotiations and saw the need of assistance in Paris. They asked John to come join them so John and Sally travelled on May 21 to northern Spain, took a ship in the Bay of Biscay to Bayonne and from there to Paris and arrived there June 23 1782. In July 1783, the Jays moved in with Ben Franklin at Passy. Franklin became ill with severe kidney stones and Adams was away in Holland trying to secure loans from them. The lion share of the negotiations fell on John Jay. Adams later wrote that the French called Jay “le Washington of the negotiation.”
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Getting back to Sally, she was the glue that held Jay together and made others feel welcome. A lot of the negotiations took place in the Jay’s hotel room at Hotel d’Orleans on rue Bonaparte. Having two very young children had an effect on the negotiators. Franklin in his later correspondence with Jay would always ask how Maria (18 months old) was doing. Maria made a bridge between Jay and Franklin. The time that Franklin spent with the Jays may have had an impact on Franklin. Franklin had quite a following in France; he might be called the Bill Gates of his day (and maybe even more so). He had a reputation of being a ladies’ man in France but his time with the Jays may have brought him back to reality. It could be a piece of the link that makes Franklin into the man that challenges the Constitutional Convention to remember the reason why they were not making any headway in the deliberations. Franklin told the Constitutional Convention that the reason why their deliberations did not get anywhere is because they did not commit the proceedings to prayer and allowing the God who causes empires to rise and fall to direct them.
Sally and Maria were also good for John Adams when he visited. Walter Stahr (in his book "John Jay: Forgotten Founder") on page 164 relates how Adams said that the three men lived together in perfect good humor. Sally and Maria helped make “the perfect good humor.” These men individually might have been sticks in the mud on specific points of negotiation but Sally and Maria were in charge of the perfect good humor. I dare say that the negotiations might have gone differently if not for the presence of Sally and Maria Jay.Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3502467715852860980.post-30289373365722374722016-10-09T13:57:00.000-07:002016-10-09T13:57:01.925-07:00John Jay on Freedom of ReligionJohn Jay on Freedom of Religion
<iframe width="480" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LILnbbzf0ic" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>Phil Websterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11015789538507321223noreply@blogger.com0